Reported relationships
Latest disclosed role at each company.
| Company | Last reported as | Report date | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INCLAKE · Entity 6686 | Director | August 01, 2026 | August 04, 2026 |
| MSA Safety IncMSA · Entity 3692 | Senior Vice President | September 15, 2017 | September 18, 2017 |
Disclosed balances
About these balances
Latest available filing per company, not a reconstructed current portfolio. Matching sequences show the last reported balance with all source rows expandable; grouping alone does not establish account ownership. Do not add unresolved positions together. Filings may omit unchanged positions, and amendments may correct only part of an older disclosure. Jointly reported shares are not necessarily this owner's personal holdings.
LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC
Report date August 01, 2026 · Filed August 04, 2026
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common Stock, par value $.01 per shareSEC Table I · non-derivative | Direct | 19,405 |
Reported balance
After 2026-08-01 transaction · row 1
1 source rowRow 1 · 2026-08-01 · Tax withholding · Disposed 40 · Balance 19,405 |
MSA Safety Inc
Report date September 15, 2017 · Filed September 18, 2017
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common Stock, no par valueSEC Table I · non-derivative | Direct | 45,112 |
Reported balance
After 2017-09-15 transaction · row 1
1 source rowRow 1 · 2017-09-15 · Gift · Disposed 880 · Balance 45,112 |
Transaction history
JSON APIPurchases/sales include open-market and private transactions. Plan disclosure applies to the filing; individual rows may differ. “Not disclosed” is not “unplanned.”
The cutoff filters transaction history only. Company summaries and owner relationships show the latest available disclosures. Parser corrections can improve historical records.
| Transaction date | Company | Activity / security | Shares / units | Reported price | Reported value | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| August 01, 2026 Filed Aug 4, 2026 20:56 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 40 | $11.40 | $456.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001274974-26-000004 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 19,405 Read SEC document |
| June 16, 2026 Filed Jun 16, 2026 22:05 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 7,553 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001274974-26-000002 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 19,445 F1 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock units ("RSUs"), which represent a contingent right to receive one share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the issuer for each RSU. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided, that the reporting person remains in continuous service through the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| June 12, 2026 Filed Jun 16, 2026 22:05 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 734 | $10.98 | $8,059.32 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001274974-26-000002 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,892 Read SEC document |
| August 01, 2025 Filed Aug 5, 2025 20:10 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 261 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-25-009051 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,626 F3 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock units ("RSUs"), which represent a contingent right to receive one share of Common Stock. These RSUs represent a 30% premium on the amount of retainer fees the reporting person has elected to receive in the form of equity in lieu of cash, as explained in the first footnote above. The number of RSUs granted is based on a per share value of $13.35, the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided, that the reporting person remains in continuous service through the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| August 01, 2025 Filed Aug 5, 2025 20:10 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 133 | $13.35 | $1,775.55 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-25-009051 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,365 F2 · shares: Shares withheld by the Issuer to satisfy the reporting person's tax obligation in connection with the grant of restricted stock. Read SEC document |
| August 01, 2025 Filed Aug 5, 2025 20:10 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 871 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-25-009051 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,498 F1 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock in lieu of a portion of his retainer fees for the remainder of the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026. The reporting person elected to receive $11,625 of his remaining fiscal year 2026 retainer fees in the form of the Issuer's common stock, par value $0.01 per share ("Common Stock"). The number of shares of restricted stock granted is based on a per share value of $13.35, the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The restricted stock vests on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided, that the reporting person's service as a director is not terminated for cause prior to the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| June 13, 2025 Filed Jun 16, 2025 21:09 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 427 | $13.92 | $5,943.84 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-25-007035 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,627 Read SEC document |
| June 12, 2025 Filed Jun 16, 2025 21:09 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 4,889 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-25-007035 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,054 F1 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock units ("RSUs"), which represent a contingent right to receive one share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the issuer for each RSU. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided, that the reporting person remains in continuous service through the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| June 14, 2024 Filed Jun 17, 2024 20:36 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 763 | $22.80 | $17,396.40 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-24-007846 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,165 Read SEC document |
| June 13, 2024 Filed Jun 17, 2024 20:36 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 2,842 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-24-007846 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,928 F1 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock units ("RSUs"), which represent a contingent right to receive one share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the issuer for each RSU. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided that, the reporting person remains in continuous service through the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| June 16, 2023 Filed Jun 20, 2023 20:30 UTC | LAKELAND INDUSTRIES INC LAKE · Entity 6686 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $.01 per share | 5,086 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001654954-23-008213 · section16.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,086 F1 · shares: The reporting person was granted restricted stock units ("RSUs"), which represent a contingent right to receive one share of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the issuer for each RSU. The RSUs vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant; provided that, the reporting person remains in continuous service through the vesting date. Read SEC document |
| September 15, 2017 Filed Sep 18, 2017 14:49 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | GiftCommon Stock, no par value | 880 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-015079 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · Senior Vice President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 45,112 Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionNon-statutory Stock Option · Derivative | 13,638 | $17.83 Strike: $17.83 | $243,165.54 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 9 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 13,638 shares Expires 2019-02-23 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionIncentive Stock Option · Derivative | 2,210 | $45.24 Strike: $45.24 | $99,980.40 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 8 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 2,210 shares Expires 2018-02-26 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionIncentive Stock Option · Derivative | 5,608 | $17.83 Strike: $17.83 | $99,990.64 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 7 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 5,608 shares Expires 2019-02-23 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | SaleCommon Stock, no par value | 13,638 | $69.11 | $942,488.09 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 6 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 45,992 F1 · price: Share price on this transaction ranged from $69 to $69.38. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, no par value | 1,622 | $68.99 | $111,901.78 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 59,630 Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, no par value | 1,481 | $68.99 | $102,174.19 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 61,252 Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 2,210 | $45.24 | $99,980.40 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 62,733 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 5,608 | $17.83 | $99,990.64 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 60,523 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 10, 2017 Filed Mar 14, 2017 18:55 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 13,638 | $17.83 | $243,165.54 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006200 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 54,915 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionNon-statutory Stock Option · Derivative | 100 | $17.83 Strike: $17.83 | $1,783.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 10 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 13,638 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 100 shares Expires 2019-02-23 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | SaleCommon Stock, no par value | 100 | $71.00 | $7,100.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 7 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 39,036 Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 100 | $17.83 | $1,783.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 6 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 39,136 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 11, 2017 02:26 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, no par value | 1,372 | $70.10 | $96,177.20 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006142 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 41,277 Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 11, 2017 02:26 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, no par value | 380 | $70.10 | $26,638.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006142 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 42,649 Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 11, 2017 02:26 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, no par value | 285 | $70.10 | $19,978.50 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006142 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 43,029 Read SEC document |
| March 08, 2017 Filed Mar 11, 2017 02:26 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | GrantCommon Stock, no par value | 4,278 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-006142 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 43,314 Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionNon-statutory Stock Option · Derivative | 9,153 | $45.24 Strike: $45.24 | $414,081.72 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 9 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 9,153 shares Expires 2018-02-26 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionNon-statutory Stock Option · Derivative | 1,581 | $17.83 Strike: $17.83 | $28,189.23 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 8 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 13,738 Underlying: Common Stock, no par value · 1,581 shares Expires 2019-02-23 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | SaleCommon Stock, no par value | 8,374 | $71.23 | $596,444.01 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 39,036 F2 · price: Share price on this transaction ranged from $71 to $71.85. Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | SaleCommon Stock, no par value | 2,360 | $72.10 | $170,162.84 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 47,410 F1 · price: Share price on this transaction ranged from $72 to $72.37. Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | SaleCommon Stock, no par value | 500 | $72.18 | $36,090.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 49,770 Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 1,581 | $17.83 | $28,189.23 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 50,270 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| March 07, 2017 Filed Mar 9, 2017 19:12 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, no par value | 9,153 | $45.24 | $414,081.72 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005960 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 48,689 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 28, 2017 Filed Mar 2, 2017 16:22 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | GrantCommon Stock, no par value | 1,774 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-17-005202 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 39,536 Read SEC document |
| December 13, 2016 Filed Dec 14, 2016 14:30 UTC | MSA Safety Inc MSA · Entity 3692 | GiftCommon Stock, no par value | 1,250 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-16-043124 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 HERRING RONALD N JR · CIK 0001274974 · President 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 37,762 Read SEC document |
Value uses the disclosed total when available, otherwise shares × reported transaction price. It is not an estimate of exercise cash cost or investment performance.