Reported relationships
Latest disclosed role at each company.
| Company | Last reported as | Report date | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adient plcADNT · Entity 4713 | Executive Vice President | November 07, 2018 | November 09, 2018 |
| DANA IncDAN · Entity 6 | Director · Chief Executive Officer | August 28, 2026 | September 02, 2026 |
| WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPWAB · Entity 1492 | Director | May 13, 2026 | May 15, 2026 |
Disclosed balances
About these balances
Latest available filing per company, not a reconstructed current portfolio. Matching sequences show the last reported balance with all source rows expandable; grouping alone does not establish account ownership. Do not add unresolved positions together. Filings may omit unchanged positions, and amendments may correct only part of an older disclosure. Jointly reported shares are not necessarily this owner's personal holdings.
Adient plc
Report date November 07, 2018 · Filed November 09, 2018
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinary SharesSEC Table I · non-derivative | Direct | 79,941.0174 |
Reported balance
After 2018-11-07 transaction · row 1
1 source rowRow 1 · 2018-11-07 · Tax withholding · Disposed 2,817 · Balance 79,941.0174 F1: Withholding of shares to cover taxes due in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units. |
| Ordinary SharesSEC Table I · non-derivative | Indirect401(k) Savings Plan | 17,621.4793 |
Reported balance
Holding disclosure · report date 2018-11-07 · row 2
Holding and transaction disclosures are not merged.
1 source rowRow 2 · Balance 17,621.4793 |
Filing footnotes · ownership attribution and instrument terms
F1: Withholding of shares to cover taxes due in connection with the vesting of restricted stock units.
DANA Inc
Report date August 28, 2026 · Filed September 02, 2026
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dividend Equivalent RightsSEC Table II · derivative / convertible security | Direct | 5,761 |
Reported balance
After 2026-08-28 transaction · row 1
Instrument identity requires review; Table II rows are not merged.
1 source rowRow 1 · 2026-08-28 · Grant · Acquired 347 · Balance 5,761 F1: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. |
Filing footnotes · ownership attribution and instrument terms
F1: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock.
WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORP
Report date May 13, 2026 · Filed May 15, 2026
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common Stock - DirectSEC Table I · non-derivative | Direct | 8,219 |
Reported balance
After 2026-05-13 transaction · row 1
1 source rowRow 1 · 2026-05-13 · Grant · Acquired 765 · Balance 8,219 F1: Fair Market Value of the stock on May 13, 2026 was $268.035 per share. F2: Shares vest on the first anniversary of grant date. |
Filing footnotes · ownership attribution and instrument terms
F1: Fair Market Value of the stock on May 13, 2026 was $268.035 per share.
F2: Shares vest on the first anniversary of grant date.
Transaction history
JSON APIPurchases/sales include open-market and private transactions. Plan disclosure applies to the filing; individual rows may differ. “Not disclosed” is not “unplanned.”
The cutoff filters transaction history only. Company summaries and owner relationships show the latest available disclosures. Parser corrections can improve historical records.
| Transaction date | Company | Activity / security | Shares / units | Reported price | Reported value | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| August 28, 2026 Filed Sep 2, 2026 13:24 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 347 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-007507 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Director · Chief Executive Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,761 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 347 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| May 29, 2026 Filed Jun 2, 2026 20:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 297 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-005725 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,414 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 297 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| May 13, 2026 Filed May 15, 2026 15:33 UTC | WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORP WAB · Entity 1492 | GrantCommon Stock - Direct | 765 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001628280-26-035394 · wk-form4_1778859200.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 8,219 F1 · price: Fair Market Value of the stock on May 13, 2026 was $268.035 per share. F2 · price: Shares vest on the first anniversary of grant date. Read SEC document |
| March 20, 2026 Filed Mar 24, 2026 20:20 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 333 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-003960 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,117 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 333 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2026 Filed Feb 18, 2026 21:29 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 13,669 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-002086 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 13,669 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2026 Filed Feb 18, 2026 21:29 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,203 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-002086 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 4,784 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,203 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2026 Filed Feb 18, 2026 21:29 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 6,485 | $33.16 | $215,042.60 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-002086 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 145,221 F1 · shares: Represents the total number of shares of common stock withheld for the Reporting Person's tax obligation. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2026 Filed Feb 18, 2026 21:29 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 1,203 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-002086 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 151,706 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2026 Filed Feb 18, 2026 21:29 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 13,669 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-002086 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 150,503 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2026 Filed Feb 17, 2026 21:09 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 19,770 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001949 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 19,769 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 19,770 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2026 Filed Feb 17, 2026 21:09 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,144 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001949 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,987 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,144 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2026 Filed Feb 17, 2026 21:09 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 9,119 | $33.16 | $302,386.04 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001949 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 136,834 F1 · shares: Represents the total number of shares of common stock withheld for the Reporting Person's tax obligation. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2026 Filed Feb 17, 2026 21:09 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 1,144 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001949 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 145,953 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2026 Filed Feb 17, 2026 21:09 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 19,770 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001949 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 144,809 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2026 Filed Feb 12, 2026 21:26 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 20,613 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001792 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 40,011 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 20,613 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2026 Filed Feb 12, 2026 21:26 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 465 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001792 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,131 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 465 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2026 Filed Feb 12, 2026 21:26 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 9,191 | $32.07 | $294,755.37 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001792 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 125,039 F1 · shares: Represents the total number of shares of common stock withheld for the Reporting Person's tax obligation. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2026 Filed Feb 12, 2026 21:26 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 465 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001792 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 134,230 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2026 Filed Feb 12, 2026 21:26 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 20,613 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001792 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 133,765 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 06, 2026 Filed Feb 10, 2026 21:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 25,749 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001594 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 25,749 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 25,749 shares Expires not disclosed F4 · security: Restricted stock units granted pursuant to the Dana Incorporated 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan. F5 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F6 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F6 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 06, 2026 Filed Feb 10, 2026 21:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 936 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001594 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,596 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 936 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted performance share units and become exercisable proportionately with the performance share units to which they relate, which have been awarded and distributed. F3 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted performance share units and become exercisable proportionately with the performance share units to which they relate, which have been awarded and distributed. F3 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted performance share units and become exercisable proportionately with the performance share units to which they relate, which have been awarded and distributed. Read SEC document |
| February 06, 2026 Filed Feb 10, 2026 21:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 27,922 | $30.40 | $848,828.80 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001594 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 113,152 F2 · shares: Represents shares withheld to satisfy tax obligations upon vesting of performance shares. Read SEC document |
| February 06, 2026 Filed Feb 10, 2026 21:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 936 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001594 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 141,074 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 06, 2026 Filed Feb 10, 2026 21:28 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 62,602 | $30.40 | $1,903,100.80 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-26-001594 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 140,138 F1 · shares: Represents the acquisition of common stock resulting from the vesting of performance shares. Read SEC document |
| November 28, 2025 Filed Dec 2, 2025 21:17 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,259 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-009560 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 8,532 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,259 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| August 29, 2025 Filed Sep 2, 2025 20:35 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,392 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-007622 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,273 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,392 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| May 30, 2025 Filed Jun 2, 2025 20:20 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,680 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-005594 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 5,881 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,680 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| May 16, 2025 Filed May 19, 2025 20:22 UTC | WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORP WAB · Entity 1492 | GrantCommon Stock - Direct | 953 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000943452-25-000131 · wk-form4_1747686128.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Director 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 7,454 F1 · price: Fair Market Value of the stock on May 16, 2025 was $204.77 per share. F2 · price: Shares vest on the first anniversary of grant date. Read SEC document |
| March 21, 2025 Filed Mar 21, 2025 20:52 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,960 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-003570 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 4,201 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,960 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| February 15, 2025 Filed Feb 20, 2025 21:05 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 9,769 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-002057 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 9,769 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 15, 2025 Filed Feb 20, 2025 21:05 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 878 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-002057 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 2,241 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 878 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 15, 2025 Filed Feb 20, 2025 21:05 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 4,802 | $16.09 | $77,264.18 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-002057 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 77,536 F1 · shares: Represents the total number of shares of common stock withheld for the Reporting Person's tax obligation. Read SEC document |
| February 15, 2025 Filed Feb 20, 2025 21:05 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 878 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-002057 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 82,338 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 15, 2025 Filed Feb 20, 2025 21:05 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 9,769 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-002057 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 81,460 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 13,670 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 10 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 13,669 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 13,670 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 866 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 9 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 3,119 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 866 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 6,556 | $16.09 | $105,486.04 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 6 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 71,691 Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 866 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 78,247 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 14, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 13,670 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 77,381 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 20,370 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 8 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 39,539 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 20,370 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 700 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 7 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 3,985 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 700 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. F2 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate, which have vested. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 9,503 | $15.80 | $150,147.40 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 63,711 F1 · shares: Represents the total number of shares of common stock withheld for the Reporting Person's tax obligation. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 700 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 73,214 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 13, 2025 Filed Feb 18, 2025 23:33 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 20,370 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001912 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 72,514 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2025 Filed Feb 13, 2025 21:24 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 60,624 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001661 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 3 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 60,624 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 60,624 shares Expires not disclosed F3 · security: Restricted stock units granted pursuant to the Dana Incorporated 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan. F4 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F5 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F5 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2025 Filed Feb 13, 2025 21:24 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Tax withholdingCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 9,350 | $16.10 | $150,535.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001661 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 52,144 F2 · shares: Represents shares withheld to satisfy tax obligations upon vesting of performance shares. Read SEC document |
| February 11, 2025 Filed Feb 13, 2025 21:24 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantCommon Stock, par value $0.01 | 20,071 | $16.10 | $323,143.10 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-25-001661 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 61,494 F1 · shares: Represents the acquisition of common stock resulting from the vesting of performance shares. Read SEC document |
| November 29, 2024 Filed Dec 2, 2024 21:34 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 1,005 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-24-010310 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 4,685 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 1,005 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| August 30, 2024 Filed Sep 4, 2024 20:44 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | GrantDividend Equivalent Rights · Derivative | 882 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-24-008456 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 1 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 3,680 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 882 shares Expires not disclosed F1 · derivative.exercise_price: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.exercise_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. F1 · derivative.expiration_date: Dividend equivalent rights accrued on previously granted restricted stock units and become exercisable proportionately with the restricted stock units to which they relate. Each dividend equivalent right is the economic equivalent of one share of Dana common stock. Read SEC document |
| June 30, 2024 Filed Jul 2, 2024 20:39 UTC | DANA Inc DAN · Entity 6 | Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 2,500 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001225208-24-007235 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Foster Byron S. · CIK 0001683572 · Pres, Light Veh Drive Systems 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 0 Underlying: Common Stock, par value $0.01 · 2,500 shares Expires not disclosed Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F3 · derivative.exercise_price: Each restricted stock unit granted represents the right to receive one share of Dana common stock or, at the election of Dana, cash equal to the market value per share. Each restricted stock unit contains dividend equivalent rights. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. F4 · derivative.expiration_date: Restricted stock units granted vest in three (3) equal annual installments beginning on the first anniversary date of the grant. Read SEC document |
Value uses the disclosed total when available, otherwise shares × reported transaction price. It is not an estimate of exercise cash cost or investment performance.