Reported relationships
Latest disclosed role at each company.
| Company | Last reported as | Report date | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| Airbnb, Inc.ABNB · Entity 2189 | Global Head of Hosting | November 21, 2023 | November 22, 2023 |
Disclosed balances
About these balances
Latest available filing per company, not a reconstructed current portfolio. Matching sequences show the last reported balance with all source rows expandable; grouping alone does not establish account ownership. Do not add unresolved positions together. Filings may omit unchanged positions, and amendments may correct only part of an older disclosure. Jointly reported shares are not necessarily this owner's personal holdings.
Airbnb, Inc.
Report date November 21, 2023 · Filed November 22, 2023
| Security / award | Ownership account | Disclosed shares / units | Disclosure context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class A Common StockSEC Table I · non-derivative | Direct | 105,109 |
Reported balance
After 2023-11-21 transaction · row 1
1 source rowRow 1 · 2023-11-21 · Sale · Disposed 2,410 · Balance 105,109 F1: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. |
Filing footnotes · ownership attribution and instrument terms
F1: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan.
Transaction history
JSON APIPurchases/sales include open-market and private transactions. Plan disclosure applies to the filing; individual rows may differ. “Not disclosed” is not “unplanned.”
The cutoff filters transaction history only. Company summaries and owner relationships show the latest available disclosures. Parser corrections can improve historical records.
| Transaction date | Company | Activity / security | Shares / units | Reported price | Reported value | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| November 21, 2023 Filed Nov 22, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 2,410 | $128.00 | $308,480.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-065869 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 105,109 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| November 20, 2023 Filed Nov 21, 2023 17:14 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,694 | $127.15 | $723,992.10 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-065589 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 107,519 Read SEC document |
| August 22, 2023 Filed Aug 23, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 2,411 | $124.25 | $299,566.75 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-044129 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 113,213 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| August 21, 2023 Filed Aug 23, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,695 | $125.06 | $712,216.70 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-044129 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 115,624 Read SEC document |
| July 25, 2023 Filed Jul 27, 2023 16:06 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Exercise / conversionStock Option · Derivative | 6,700 | $0.00 Strike: $40.18 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-035131 · ownership.xml · derivative · entry 3 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 188,620 Underlying: Class A Common Stock · 6,700 shares Expires 2030-08-08 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: The stock option vested with respect to 21,064 shares on August 8, 2020 and thereafter vests in 43 equal monthly installments beginning on August 25, 2020. Read SEC document |
| July 25, 2023 Filed Jul 27, 2023 16:06 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 6,700 | $150.00 | $1,005,000.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-035131 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 121,319 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| July 25, 2023 Filed Jul 27, 2023 16:06 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Exercise / conversionClass A Common Stock | 6,700 | $40.18 | $269,206.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-035131 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 128,019 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2023 Filed Jul 19, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Exercise / conversionStock Option · Derivative | 6,900 | $0.00 Strike: $40.18 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-033510 · ownership.xml · derivative · entry 3 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 195,320 Underlying: Class A Common Stock · 6,900 shares Expires 2030-08-08 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_date: The stock option vested with respect to 21,064 shares on August 8, 2020 and thereafter vests in 43 equal monthly installments beginning on August 25, 2020. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2023 Filed Jul 19, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 6,900 | $145.00 | $1,000,500.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-033510 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 121,319 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2023 Filed Jul 19, 2023 16:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Exercise / conversionClass A Common Stock | 6,900 | $40.18 | $277,242.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-033510 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 128,219 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| May 22, 2023 Filed May 23, 2023 20:52 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 2,409 | $110.00 | $264,990.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-023729 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 121,319 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| May 19, 2023 Filed May 23, 2023 20:52 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,692 | $111.87 | $636,764.04 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-023729 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 123,728 Read SEC document |
| March 27, 2023 Filed Apr 3, 2023 18:41 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantStock Option · Derivative | 76,587 | $0.00 Strike: $122.41 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-011658 · ownership.xml · derivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 76,587 Underlying: Class A Common Stock · 76,587 shares Expires 2033-03-27 F2 · derivative.exercise_date: The stock option vests in 48 equal monthly installments beginning on March 19, 2023. Read SEC document |
| March 27, 2023 Filed Apr 3, 2023 18:41 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantClass A Common Stock | 30,635 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000950170-23-011658 · ownership.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 129,420 F1 · shares: Represents an award of restricted stock units, which vest in 16 substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on May 19, 2023. Each restricted stock unit represents a contingent right to receive one share of the Issuer's Class A Common Stock and has no expiration date. Read SEC document |
| February 21, 2023 Filed Feb 23, 2023 19:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 4,585 | $131.60 | $603,386.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-23-006037 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 98,785 Read SEC document |
| November 22, 2022 Filed Nov 23, 2022 18:06 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 5,054 | $93.66 | $473,357.64 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-036965 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 103,370 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| November 21, 2022 Filed Nov 23, 2022 18:06 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,683 | $95.71 | $543,919.93 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-036965 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 108,424 Read SEC document |
| August 22, 2022 Filed Aug 24, 2022 16:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 5,055 | $110.48 | $558,476.40 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-029608 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 114,107 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| August 19, 2022 Filed Aug 23, 2022 17:20 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,684 | $121.27 | $689,298.68 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-029547 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 119,162 Read SEC document |
| May 20, 2022 Filed May 24, 2022 16:37 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 5,054 | $115.46 | $583,534.84 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-019369 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 124,846 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| May 19, 2022 Filed May 23, 2022 17:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,683 | $108.03 | $613,934.49 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-019265 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 129,900 Read SEC document |
| March 19, 2022 Filed Mar 22, 2022 21:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantStock Option · Derivative | 57,148 | $0.00 Strike: $167.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-011885 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 57,148 Underlying: Class A Common Stock · 57,148 shares Expires 2032-03-19 F2 · derivative.exercise_date: The stock option vests in 48 equal monthly installments beginning on March 19, 2022. Read SEC document |
| March 19, 2022 Filed Mar 22, 2022 21:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantClass A Common Stock | 22,859 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-011885 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 135,583 F1 · shares: Represents an award of restricted stock units, which vest in 16 equal quarterly installments beginning on May 19, 2022. Each restricted stock unit represents a contingent right to receive one share of the Issuer's Class A Common Stock and has no expiration date. Read SEC document |
| February 23, 2022 Filed Feb 25, 2022 16:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 6,844 | $165.93 | $1,135,624.92 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-007885 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 112,724 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| February 22, 2022 Filed Feb 23, 2022 17:09 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,081 | $174.90 | $888,666.90 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-22-007400 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 119,568 Read SEC document |
| November 19, 2021 Filed Nov 23, 2021 17:34 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,914 | $204.33 | $1,208,407.62 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-045825 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 124,649 Read SEC document |
| November 05, 2021 Filed Nov 9, 2021 21:05 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 5,000 | $190.00 | $950,000.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-043742 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 130,563 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| September 21, 2021 Filed Sep 23, 2021 16:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 5,000 | $170.00 | $850,000.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-037333 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 135,563 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| August 25, 2021 Filed Aug 26, 2021 21:25 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,914 | $161.42 | $954,637.88 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-034389 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 140,564 Read SEC document |
| August 17, 2021 Filed Aug 30, 2021 20:37 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 1 | $145.04 | $145.04 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-034545 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 140,563 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. F2 · balance_after: The amount of securities beneficially owned following the transactions reported herein reflects the amount of securities currently beneficially owned by the reporting person, accounting for the transactions reported on the Form 4 filed by the reporting person on August 26, 2021, which did not account for the sale reported herein. Read SEC document |
| May 25, 2021 Filed May 27, 2021 21:28 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 5,913 | $135.91 | $803,635.83 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-020999 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 146,478 Read SEC document |
| May 17, 2021 Filed May 19, 2021 21:00 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | SaleClass A Common Stock | 100 | $136.09 | $13,608.60 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-020043 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 152,391 F1 · kind: The sales reported in this Form 4 were effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. Read SEC document |
| March 19, 2021 Filed Mar 23, 2021 21:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantStock Option · Derivative | 47,368 | $0.00 Strike: $194.39 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-013252 · doc4.xml · derivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 47,368 Underlying: Class A Common Stock · 47,368 shares Expires 2031-03-19 F2 · derivative.exercise_date: The stock option vests in 48 equal monthly installments beginning on March 25, 2021. Read SEC document |
| March 19, 2021 Filed Mar 23, 2021 21:30 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantClass A Common Stock | 18,948 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-013252 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 152,491 F1 · shares: Reflects an award of restricted stock units, which vest in sixteen equal quarterly installments beginning on May 25, 2021. Each restricted stock unit represents a contingent right to receive one share of Class A Common Stock. Read SEC document |
| February 25, 2021 Filed Mar 1, 2021 20:41 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 16,924 | $200.20 | $3,388,184.80 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-21-008723 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 133,543 F1 · shares: These shares were withheld by the Issuer to satisfy the reporting person's tax withholding obligations. Not a market sale. The remaining shares of Class A Common Stock reported herein remain subject to a lock-up agreement with the underwriters for the Issuer's initial public offering. Read SEC document |
| December 09, 2020 Filed Dec 11, 2020 20:58 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | Tax withholdingClass A Common Stock | 6,209 | $68.00 | $422,212.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-20-033666 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 150,467 F2 · shares: These shares were withheld by the Company to satisfy the reporting person's tax withholding obligations. Not a market sale. Read SEC document |
| December 09, 2020 Filed Dec 11, 2020 20:58 UTC | Airbnb, Inc. ABNB · Entity 2189 | GrantClass A Common Stock | 80,888 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0000899243-20-033666 · doc4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 POWELL CATHERINE C · CIK 0001186045 · Global Head of Hosting 10b5-1 filing: Not disclosed Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 156,676 F1 · shares: Includes 65,722 restricted stock units subject to time-based vesting conditions in accordance with the underlying award(s). Each restricted stock unit represents a contingent right to receive one share of the Issuer's Class A Common Stock and has no expiration date. This Form 4 relates to the award and settlement of restricted stock units, and the shares of Class A Common Stock reported herein remain subject to a lock-up agreement with the underwriters for the Issuer's initial public offering. Read SEC document |
Value uses the disclosed total when available, otherwise shares × reported transaction price. It is not an estimate of exercise cash cost or investment performance.