Last 12 months
Inside the activity.
6 purchase rows · 13 sale rows
Disclosed non-derivative P/S rows, by transaction month. Includes amendments and private transactions.Monthly counts
| Month | Purchases | Sales |
|---|---|---|
| Nov 2025 | 0 | 5 |
| Dec 2025 | 2 | 5 |
| Jan 2026 | 0 | 1 |
| Feb 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 2026 | 3 | 0 |
| Apr 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 2026 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 2026 | 1 | 2 |
| Oct 2026 | 0 | 0 |
Latest available
Insider transactions
Purchases/sales include open-market and private transactions. Plan disclosure applies to the filing; individual rows may differ. “Not disclosed” is not “unplanned.”
The cutoff filters transaction history only. Company summaries and owner relationships show the latest available disclosures. Parser corrections can improve historical records.
| Transaction date | Owner / reported role | Activity / security | Shares / units | Reported price | Reported value | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 24, 2025 Filed Jul 25, 2025 22:00 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 337 | $268.10 | $90,349.16 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019605 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $267.8676 to $268.5200 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 24, 2025 Filed Jul 25, 2025 22:00 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 471 | $267.19 | $125,847.01 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019605 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,908 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $266.8041 to $267.6942 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 24, 2025 Filed Jul 25, 2025 22:00 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 1,442 | $266.33 | $384,051.61 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019605 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,379 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $265.8006 to $266.7755 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 24, 2025 Filed Jul 25, 2025 22:00 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019605 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 9 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 159,872 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F9 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 527 | $267.93 | $141,197.21 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 6 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F7 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $267.6100 to $268.2600 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 1,010 | $267.09 | $269,763.63 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,098 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F6 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $266.6100 to $267.6000 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 292 | $266.08 | $77,695.89 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,108 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $265.5960 to $266.5659 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 255 | $264.32 | $67,402.29 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,400 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $263.9000 to $264.7600 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 166 | $263.21 | $43,692.94 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,655 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $262.7500 to $263.6700 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 23, 2025 Filed Jul 24, 2025 21:25 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019561 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 8 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 162,122 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F8 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 41 | $265.52 | $10,886.38 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F6 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $265.5000 to $265.5300 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 41 | $264.26 | $10,834.72 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,612 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $264.2400 to $264.2700 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 1,198 | $263.49 | $315,663.78 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,653 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $263.1800 to $264.0415 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 970 | $262.89 | $254,998.74 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,851 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $262.1814 to $263.1745 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:21 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019524 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 487 | $0.00 Strike: $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 6 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 3,409 Underlying: Common Stock · 487 shares Expires 2027-04-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Restricted Stock Units convert to shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. F4 · derivative.exercise_date: These restricted stock units vest as to 25% of the original grant on April 22, 2024 and vest as to 1/16 of the original grant quarterly thereafter. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 423 | $0.00 Strike: $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 5 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 423 Underlying: Common Stock · 423 shares Expires 2025-10-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Restricted Stock Units convert to shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. F3 · derivative.exercise_date: These restricted stock units vest as to 25% of the original grant on October 22, 2022 and vest as to 1/16 of the original grant quarterly thereafter. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Tax withholdingCommon Stock | 217 | $263.59 | $57,199.03 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,528 F1 · shares: Shares withheld to satisfy the reporting person's tax liability upon vesting of the restricted stock units. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 487 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,745 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Tax withholdingCommon Stock | 189 | $263.59 | $49,818.51 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,258 F1 · shares: Shares withheld to satisfy the reporting person's tax liability upon vesting of the restricted stock units. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:32 UTC |
Reddy Sundeep G.EVP & Chief Accounting Officer
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 423 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019526 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Reddy Sundeep G. · CIK 0001747579 · EVP & Chief Accounting Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,447 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:40 UTC |
Harris ParkerDirector · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack
|
Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 1,785 | $0.00 Strike: $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019528 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 10 Harris Parker · CIK 0001294774 · Director · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,498 Underlying: Common Stock · 1,785 shares Expires 2027-04-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F4 · derivative.exercise_price: Restricted Stock Units convert to shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. F5 · derivative.exercise_date: These restricted stock units vest as to 25% of the original grant on April 22, 2024 and vest as to 1/16 of the original grant quarterly thereafter. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:40 UTC |
Harris ParkerDirector · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack
|
Tax withholdingCommon Stock | 886 | $263.59 | $233,540.74 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019528 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Harris Parker · CIK 0001294774 · Director · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 137,723 F1 · shares: Shares withheld to satisfy the reporting person's tax liability upon vesting of the restricted stock units. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:40 UTC |
Harris ParkerDirector · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 1,785 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019528 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Harris Parker · CIK 0001294774 · Director · Co-Founder and CTO, Slack 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 138,609 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:45 UTC |
Tallapragada SrinivasChief Eng/Cust Success Officer
|
Exercise / conversionRestricted Stock Units · Derivative | 1,785 | $0.00 Strike: $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019532 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 3 Tallapragada Srinivas · CIK 0001742882 · Chief Eng/Cust Success Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 12,498 Underlying: Common Stock · 1,785 shares Expires 2027-04-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F2 · derivative.exercise_price: Restricted Stock Units convert to shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis. F3 · derivative.exercise_date: These restricted stock units vest as to 25% of the original grant on April 22, 2024 and vest as to 1/16 of the original grant quarterly thereafter. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:45 UTC |
Tallapragada SrinivasChief Eng/Cust Success Officer
|
Tax withholdingCommon Stock | 886 | $263.59 | $233,540.74 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019532 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Tallapragada Srinivas · CIK 0001742882 · Chief Eng/Cust Success Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 43,577 F1 · shares: Shares withheld to satisfy the reporting person's tax liability upon vesting of the restricted stock units. Read SEC document |
| July 22, 2025 Filed Jul 23, 2025 20:45 UTC |
Tallapragada SrinivasChief Eng/Cust Success Officer
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 1,785 | $0.00 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019532 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Tallapragada Srinivas · CIK 0001742882 · Chief Eng/Cust Success Officer 10b5-1 filing: No plan indicated Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 44,463 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. Read SEC document |
| July 21, 2025 Filed Jul 22, 2025 20:57 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019487 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 7 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 164,372 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F7 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 21, 2025 Filed Jul 22, 2025 20:57 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 121 | $264.00 | $31,944.25 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019487 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $263.8900 to $264.0705 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 21, 2025 Filed Jul 22, 2025 20:57 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 939 | $263.34 | $247,276.64 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019487 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,692 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $262.8900 to $263.8730 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 21, 2025 Filed Jul 22, 2025 20:57 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 1,190 | $262.50 | $312,373.81 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019487 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,631 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $261.8800 to $262.8673 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 21, 2025 Filed Jul 22, 2025 20:57 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019487 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 8 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 166,622 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F8 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 455 | $262.51 | $119,442.91 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F6 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $262.2575 to $262.7500 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 450 | $261.74 | $117,785.12 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,026 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $261.2463 to $262.2298 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 555 | $260.44 | $144,543.15 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,476 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $260.2200 to $261.1865 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 790 | $259.87 | $205,294.61 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,031 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $259.2109 to $260.2041 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 18, 2025 Filed Jul 21, 2025 21:49 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019462 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 8 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 168,872 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F8 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 41 | $259.96 | $10,658.43 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F6 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $259.9475 to $259.9769 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 1,281 | $259.35 | $332,233.11 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,612 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $258.8600 to $259.8400 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 675 | $258.28 | $174,338.53 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,893 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $257.8583 to $258.8529 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 253 | $257.27 | $65,090.45 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 2 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,568 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F3 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $256.8497 to $257.6707 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 17, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 23:42 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionCommon Stock | 2,250 | $161.50 | $363,375.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019428 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 1 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,913,821 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 16, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 00:28 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
Exercise / conversionNon-qualified Stock Option (Right to Buy) · Derivative | 2,250 | $0.00 Strike: $161.50 | $0.00 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019382 · form4.xml · derivative · entry 8 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 171,122 Underlying: Common Stock · 2,250 shares Expires 2026-03-22 Exercise/conversion can include RSU settlement. Transaction price and option strike are different fields; a missing price is not zero. Derivative and underlying rows can describe the same event. F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F8 · derivative.exercise_date: Option vests over four years at the rate of 25% on March 22, 2020, the first anniversary of the holder's date of grant, with the balance vesting in equal monthly installments over the remaining 36 months. Read SEC document |
| July 16, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 00:28 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 79 | $258.58 | $20,428.20 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019382 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 5 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,571 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F6 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $258.1995 to $258.9800 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 16, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 00:28 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 867 | $257.77 | $223,482.43 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019382 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 4 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,911,650 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F5 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $257.1885 to $258.0500 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
| July 16, 2025 Filed Jul 18, 2025 00:28 UTC |
Benioff MarcDirector · Chair and CEO
|
SaleCommon Stock | 955 | $256.67 | $245,121.57 |
DisclosureSEC source: 0001127602-25-019382 · form4.xml · nonDerivative · entry 3 Benioff Marc · CIK 0001294693 · Director · Chair and CEO 10b5-1 filing: Plan reported Ownership: Direct Disclosed balance after: 11,912,517 F1 · kind: As indicated by the checkbox above, this transaction was effected automatically pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on January 9, 2025. F4 · price: Weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $256.1585 to $257.1400 inclusive. The reporting person undertakes to provide the issuer, any security holder of the issuer, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the range set forth above. F2 · ownership.direct: Shares held in the reporting person's name or in the Marc R. Benioff Revocable Trust. Read SEC document |
Value uses the disclosed total when available, otherwise shares × reported transaction price. It is not an estimate of exercise cash cost or investment performance.